Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is an abnormal curvature of the spine that appears between the ages of 10 and 18. It is more common in girls, and although in many cases it does not cause severe symptoms, it can progress silently if not detected in time.

Many curves are mild and only require monitoring, but in moderate or severe cases, treatments such as bracing or even surgery may be necessary. Early diagnosis and proper follow-up are key to preventing complications, avoiding invasive interventions, and improving patients’ quality of life.

Warning signs

• Uneven shoulder or hip height.
• One shoulder blade more prominent than the other.
• Visible curve in the back.
• Postural changes or trunk tilt.

Diagnosis

AIS is diagnosed through a physical examination and imaging tests, such as X-rays, which allow calculation of the Cobb angle to determine the severity of the curve.

Treatments

Treatment depends on the severity and progression of the case:

• Observation in mild curves, with periodic check-ups.
• Orthopedic bracing to stop progression during growth.
• Surgery in severe (angles greater than 45-50°) or progressive cases.